What Is Asset Tokenization? Meaning, Examples, Pros, & Cons

Asset tokenization is the process of converting rights to a physical or financial asset into a digital token on a blockchain, enabling fractional ownership and increased liquidity. By utilizing distributed ledger technology, issuers can represent assets like real estate, commodities, or government bonds as programmable tokens that facilitate 24/7 trading and automated compliance. This transformation reduces the need for traditional intermediaries, thereby lowering transaction costs and accelerating settlement times for complex financial instruments. The integration of smart contracts allows for the embedding of regulatory requirements directly into the token, ensuring that only verified participants can hold or transfer specific assets. As institutional interest grows, the ability to tokenize illiquid assets is unlocking new capital markets and democratizing access to high-value investments. This shift represents a fundamental evolution in financial infrastructure, moving away from legacy paper-based systems toward transparent, immutable digital records. The broader adoption of these standards is essential for bridging the gap between traditional finance and decentralized ecosystems, ultimately enhancing market efficiency on a global scale.