IMF Warns Tokenization Will Shift Financial Power From Banks to Code

The International Monetary Fund has issued a warning regarding the systemic risks posed by the rapid shift toward asset tokenization, which replaces traditional banking intermediaries with automated smart contracts. While firms like BlackRock are aggressively moving assets on-chain, the IMF cautions that the removal of human-led safety brakes could allow financial glitches or market runs to propagate globally at unprecedented speeds. The report highlights that oversight must evolve to regulate the underlying code itself, as certain smart contracts may eventually reach a scale where they are considered too important to fail. Currently, the tokenized landscape is dominated by stablecoins, with over $300 billion in circulation compared to roughly $32 billion in other tokenized assets. Major players like BlackRock’s BUIDL fund and Ondo Finance are already managing billions in assets, signaling a significant transition in financial infrastructure. However, the IMF remains concerned that the lack of legal clarity regarding asset ownership and the potential for rapid contagion could destabilize the broader financial system. Ultimately, the tension between the industry's drive for efficiency and the IMF's focus on stability will likely be resolved by upcoming regulatory frameworks rather than the technology itself.